{"id":53656,"date":"2021-05-05T10:09:39","date_gmt":"2021-05-05T08:09:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ubfc.fr\/?p=53656"},"modified":"2021-05-05T11:09:54","modified_gmt":"2021-05-05T09:09:54","slug":"oiseaux-alimentation-bio","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ubfc.fr\/en\/oiseaux-alimentation-bio\/","title":{"rendered":"Chez les oiseaux aussi, manger bio est meilleur pour la sant\u00e9"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Les effets sur la sant\u00e9 des perdrix nourries \u00e0 partir de c\u00e9r\u00e9ales issues de l\u2019agriculture conventionnelle ou de l\u2019agriculture biologique ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9tudi\u00e9s en conditions naturelles. Les r\u00e9sultats montrent qu\u2019en moins de 10 semaines, le comportement, l\u2019immunologie et la physiologie des individus consommant des aliments issus de l\u2019agriculture conventionnelle se d\u00e9gradent fortement. Cette \u00e9tude a \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9e en mars 2021 dans Environmental Pollution<\/em> par des chercheurs du Centre d\u2019\u00e9tudes biologiques de Chiz\u00e9<\/a> (CNRS\/La Rochelle Universit\u00e9) et du laboratoire Biog\u00e9osciences<\/a> (CNRS\/UBFC).<\/h5>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Perdrix grises \/ Cr\u00e9dits : V. Bretagnolle<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Exposition aux produits phytosanitaires\u00a0: des effets sur les populations d\u2019oiseaux<\/strong><\/p>

L\u2019intensification de l\u2019agriculture est \u00e0 l\u2019origine d\u2019un d\u00e9clin de la biodiversit\u00e9 sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent, notamment chez les oiseaux, et l\u2019utilisation tr\u00e8s importante de produits phytosanitaires en est l\u2019une des causes. L\u2019impact des pesticides est reconnu par les effets l\u00e9taux suite \u00e0 l\u2019exposition ou l\u2019ingestion de doses massives et\/ou de mol\u00e9cules particuli\u00e8rement toxiques. Mais ces effets n\u00e9gatifs sont largement sous-estim\u00e9s par les \u00e9tudes qui ne se pr\u00e9occupent que d\u2019exposition aigue aux doses plus importantes. Sur le long terme, une exposition chronique \u00e0 des doses faibles peut avoir des effets tout aussi d\u00e9vastateurs sur la survie ou la reproduction des individus et donc plus g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle de la population et des \u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Une d\u00e9gradation de l\u2019\u00e9tat de sant\u00e9 des oiseaux nourris aux c\u00e9r\u00e9ales \u00ab\u00a0non bios\u00a0\u00bb<\/strong><\/p>

En nourrissant deux groupes de perdrix grises (oiseaux embl\u00e9matiques des plaines agricoles) pendant plusieurs semaines, avec des c\u00e9r\u00e9ales qui se distinguent exclusivement sur leur origine, issues de l\u2019agriculture biologique (sans utilisation de pesticides), ou issues de l\u2019agriculture conventionnelle (utilisation de diff\u00e9rentes mol\u00e9cules de pesticides pendant la croissance de la plante), les chercheurs ont pu mettre en \u00e9vidence une d\u00e9gradation nette de l\u2019\u00e9tat de sant\u00e9 des oiseaux consommant des aliments \u00ab\u00a0non bio\u00a0\u00bb. Ces oiseaux se reproduisaient moins bien et montraient des signes d\u2019alt\u00e9rations physiologiques et comportementales nettes. Parmi les effets d\u00e9montr\u00e9s dans cette \u00e9tude, leur syst\u00e8me immunitaire \u00e9tait surexprim\u00e9, le stress physiologique augment\u00e9 et la coloration des m\u00e2les \u00e9tait plus terne, t\u00e9moignant d\u2019une sant\u00e9 d\u00e9grad\u00e9e. Par ailleurs, la corpulence des femelles nourries avec du grain conventionnel augmentait, ce qui pourrait \u00eatre li\u00e9 \u00e0 une perturbation endocrinienne relative au stockage des r\u00e9serves dans les tissus adipeux.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Un dispositif exp\u00e9rimental innovant<\/strong><\/p>

Contrairement \u00e0 l\u2019immense majorit\u00e9 des \u00e9tudes qui testent les effets des pesticides, les mol\u00e9cules toxiques n\u2019ont pas \u00e9t\u00e9 ajout\u00e9es \u00e0 la nourriture. En effet, cette \u00e9tude montre que les c\u00e9r\u00e9ales issues de l\u2019agriculture conventionnelle contiennent des r\u00e9sidus de pesticides et induisent des perturbations observables sur les oiseaux, pouvant expliquer en partie leur disparition dans le paysage agricole.<\/p>

Pour conclure, cette \u00e9tude souligne le manque d\u2019analyse des impacts \u00e0 long terme des pesticides en condition naturelle avant que ceux-ci ne soient commercialis\u00e9s et d\u00e9montre que chez les oiseaux, la consommation de nourriture issue de l\u2019agriculture biologique a des effets b\u00e9n\u00e9fiques sur leur sant\u00e9, renfor\u00e7ant l\u2019approche et le concept de sant\u00e9 environnementale (One Health).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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T\u00e9l\u00e9chargez le communiqu\u00e9 de presse<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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R\u00e9f\u00e9rences<\/h5>

Feeding partridges with organic or conventional grain triggers cascading effects in life-history traits<\/strong>
Environmental Pollution (2021)<\/em><\/p>

J\u00e9r\u00f4me Moreau,\u00a0Karine Monceau, Malaury Cr\u00e9pin,\u00a0Flavie DerouinTochon,\u00a0C\u00e9cilia Mondet,\u00a0Marie Fraikin,\u00a0Maria Teixeira,\u00a0Vincent Bretagnolle<\/em><\/p>

DOI : doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envpol.2021.116851<\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Contact<\/h5>
J\u00e9r\u00f4me Moreau<\/span><\/div>
Laboratoire Biog\u00e9osciences<\/div>
06 81 57 84 57<\/a><\/div>
Jerome.moreau@u-bourgogne.fr<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Les effets sur la sant\u00e9 des perdrix nourries \u00e0 partir de c\u00e9r\u00e9ales issues de l\u2019agriculture conventionnelle ou de l\u2019agriculture biologique ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9tudi\u00e9s en conditions naturelles. Les r\u00e9sultats montrent qu\u2019en moins de 10 semaines, le comportement, l\u2019immunologie et la physiologie des individus consommant des aliments issus de l\u2019agriculture conventionnelle se d\u00e9gradent fortement. Cette \u00e9tude a … Continued<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":60,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"class_list":["post-53656","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ubfc"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nChez les oiseaux aussi, manger bio est meilleur pour la sant\u00e9 - COMUE Universit\u00e9 Bourgogne-Franche-Comt\u00e9<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ubfc.fr\/oiseaux-alimentation-bio\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Chez les oiseaux aussi, manger bio est meilleur pour la sant\u00e9 - COMUE Universit\u00e9 Bourgogne-Franche-Comt\u00e9\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Les effets sur la sant\u00e9 des perdrix nourries \u00e0 partir de c\u00e9r\u00e9ales issues de l\u2019agriculture conventionnelle ou de l\u2019agriculture biologique ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9tudi\u00e9s en conditions naturelles. Les r\u00e9sultats montrent qu\u2019en moins de 10 semaines, le comportement, l\u2019immunologie et la physiologie des individus consommant des aliments issus de l\u2019agriculture conventionnelle se d\u00e9gradent fortement. 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Les r\u00e9sultats montrent qu\u2019en moins de 10 semaines, le comportement, l\u2019immunologie et la physiologie des individus consommant des aliments issus de l\u2019agriculture conventionnelle se d\u00e9gradent fortement. 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